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Cat. No.: PASSK-100 (for 100T)

Cat. No.: PASSK-500 (for 500T)

Description

Periodic Acid-Schiff Staining Kit, also known as the PAS Staining Kit or the Glycogen Periodic Acid-Schiff Staining Kit, is a kit used for staining glycogen, mucopolysaccharides, fungi, and other substances in tissues using periodic acid and Schiff reagent. This kit is suitable for paraffin or frozen sections of various tissues, cultured cells, blood smears, bone marrow smears, and other samples.

Periodic acid-Schiff staining, commonly referred to as PAS staining, is mainly used for staining polysaccharides such as glycogen and mucosubstances like glycosaminoglycans, mucins, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. Therefore, it is also known as glycogen staining. PAS staining is one of the routine staining methods in pathology. McManus first used the periodic acid-Schiff technique in 1946 to demonstrate mucins. This staining method can not only display glycogen but also neutral mucous substances, some acidic substances, cartilage, pituitary gland, fungi, pigments, amyloid substances, and basement membranes. Additionally, PAS staining is often used in clinical diagnosis to assist in diagnosing lymphocytic leukemia.

Glycogen is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide composed of branched or linear chains of D-glucose. The synthesis and breakdown of glycogen mainly occur in the liver, kidneys, and muscle tissues. Periodic acid is a strong oxidizing agent that oxidizes the 1,2-glycol groups (CHOH-CHOH) in glycogen and related substances in tissues or cells into two free aldehyde groups (-CHO), and its characteristic is that it does not further oxidize aldehyde groups into carboxyl groups. Schiff reagent, also known as fuchsin-sulfurous acid reagent, contains basic fuchsin and sulfurous acid. The combination of basic fuchsin and sulfurous acid loses the quinonoid structure, forming colorless fuchsin. Colorless fuchsin combines with the free aldehyde groups oxidized by periodic acid, restoring the quinonoid structure and producing a magenta product, which localizes in the cytoplasm. The depth of color is proportional to the polysaccharide content.

Since monosaccharides are extracted during histochemical processes such as fixation, dehydration, and embedding, the carbohydrates that can be displayed on general tissue specimens are mainly glycogen and other polysaccharides. Therefore, if needed, a control experiment can be set up to determine whether this magenta-colored substance is glycogen: glycogen can be hydrolyzed by amylase, and if treated with amylase before PAS staining, a negative reaction indicates that the stained substance is glycogen; otherwise, it is another polysaccharide.

This kit provides the necessary reagents for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, including periodic acid solution, Schiff reagent, hematoxylin staining solution, and hydrochloric acid ethanol differentiation solution. Users only need to provide their own gradient ethanol to complete the entire staining process.

This kit is simple and convenient to use, with stable performance and a distinct staining effect.

Components

• Periodic Acid Solution
• Schiff Reagent
• Hematoxylin Staining Solution
• Hydrochloric Acid Ethanol Differentiation Solution

Storage

Store at 4°C, valid for one year. Except for Hydrochloric Acid Ethanol Differentiation Solution, all reagents need to be stored protected from light. Periodic Acid Solution and Schiff Reagent should be sealed tightly. If not used in the short term, it is recommended to store them at -20°C for longer preservation. Hematoxylin Staining Solution and Hydrochloric Acid Ethanol Differentiation Solution can be stored at room temperature.

Precautions

• The Periodic Acid Solution and Schiff Reagent should be stored sealed and protected from light at 4°C. Avoid excessive exposure to light and air when in use. It is recommended to take them out 30 minutes before use to equilibrate to room temperature and use them in a dark place. If the Periodic Acid Solution turns yellow or the Schiff Reagent turns red, they should not be used.
• During staining, the washing time with distilled water should be minimized to avoid washing away glycogen.
• The oxidation time for the Periodic Acid Solution should not be too short or too long, with the optimal oxidation temperature being 18-22°C.
• Hematoxylin Staining Solution should be used lightly to avoid over-staining, which can affect observation.
• The differentiation step after staining is optional. After differentiation, nuclear staining becomes lighter; you can decide whether to differentiate based on staining needs. The Hydrochloric Acid Ethanol Differentiation Solution should be replaced frequently, and the differentiation time should be determined based on the thickness of the sections, the type of tissue, and the age of the Hydrochloric Acid Ethanol Differentiation Solution.
• This product is for scientific research use only by professionals and should not be used for clinical diagnosis or treatment, nor for food or drug use, and should not be stored in a regular household.
• For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and disposable gloves during operation.