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Cat. No.: GAK-200 (for 200T)

Cat. No.: GAK-1k (for 1000T)

Description

Glucose Assay Kit is a highly sensitive and wide-range linear assay kit based on the colorimetric reaction between glucose and o-toluidine. It allows for the detection of glucose content in solutions such as serum, plasma, urine, cell or tissue lysates, and beverages using a colorimetric method.

Glucose, also known as dextrose or grape sugar, is considered one of the most widely distributed and important monosaccharides in nature. It is a polyhydroxy aldehyde with the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆ and is one of the three main monosaccharides obtained from dietary sources, which can be directly absorbed into the bloodstream. The other two main dietary monosaccharides are fructose and galactose. Natural glucose is always in the D-form, specifically D-Glucose. Glucose is a crucial source of energy and a key metabolic intermediate in organisms. On one hand, glucose is a major product of photosynthesis, and on the other hand, it is a primary substrate for respiration. During respiration, glucose is oxidized through a series of enzymatic reactions to produce carbon dioxide and water, simultaneously generating the important energy molecule ATP. Due to its significance in energy metabolism, blood glucose levels have become an important diagnostic indicator for various metabolic diseases. Pathological hyperglycemia is associated with many conditions, such as diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and pituitary or adrenal hyperfunction, while pathological hypoglycemia is commonly seen in insulin-secreting tumors, myxedema, and pituitary or adrenal insufficiency. Additionally, intracellular glucose levels are a key indicator for monitoring cellular metabolic states.

Components

• Glucose Assay Reagent
• Glucose (200mg/ml)

Principle

The modified and optimized o-toluidine reagent (O-toluidine reagent), which is the Glucose Assay Reagent in the kit, reacts with glucose to produce a blue-green Schiff base with a maximum absorption wavelength of 630 nm. The absorbance value at 630 nm is proportional to the glucose concentration in the sample. This allows for the quantitative determination of glucose concentration in the sample by setting up a glucose standard curve.

Other sugars, besides glucose, can also produce colored compounds during the reaction, with their absorbance ratios as follows: glucose = 1.00; fructose = 0.06; mannose = 0.96; galactose = 1.42; sucrose = 0.16; maltose = 0.09; lactose = 0.39; xylose = 0.12. Among these sugars, only glucose, fructose, and galactose are present in normal human serum, but fructose and galactose are present in very low concentrations in normal blood and have minimal impact on the actual measurement results. Lactose and galactose, which have a significant interference with this kit's detection, are mainly found in mammalian milk. Lactose, galactose, and mannose are usually present in very low concentrations in mammalian cells or tissues and generally do not affect glucose detection.

The results of the o-toluidine method are consistent with those of the glucose oxidase method and hexokinase method, but for samples from uremic patients, the o-toluidine method may yield slightly higher results.

Features

• This kit requires a small sample volume. The recommended sample volume for this kit is 5-20 µl, but volumes as small as 1-2 µl or even smaller can also be used.

• The kit has good specificity. Compared to the commonly used glucose oxidase-peroxidase coupling (GOD-POD) method, the o-toluidine reagent specifically reacts with aldoses and is not affected by other reducing substances. This makes the kit highly suitable for detecting glucose concentrations in solutions such as serum and urine.

Storage

Store at -20°C, valid for one year. The Glucose Assay Reagent must be stored protected from light.

Precautions

• The Glucose Assay Reagent is pale yellow and may develop a brown substance over time, which can interfere with colorimetric detection. If the Glucose Assay Reagent shows a significant amount of brown substance, the kit should not be used.
• Blood glucose measurements should be conducted promptly. If blood is left for too long, glycolysis by blood cells can lower the glucose concentration. If immediate testing is not possible, prepare serum and freeze it, or freeze the sample directly for subsequent testing.
• For specimens with high lipid content, the color reaction may sometimes be turbid, affecting the results. To address this, prepare a blood filtrate or add half the volume of isopropanol to the color development solution, mix thoroughly to dissolve lipids, but the measured absorbance should be multiplied by 1.5.
• The Glucose Assay Reagent is acidic and has some corrosive properties; appropriate precautions should be taken.
• This product is for scientific research use by professionals only and is not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment, nor for use in food or pharmaceuticals, and should not be stored in ordinary residences.
• For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and disposable gloves while handling.