In the process of preparing bioproducts, freeze-drying technology is a crucial step, and its success directly correlates with the quality and stability of the final product. This article will delve into several key factors influencing the effectiveness of freeze-drying and propose optimization recommendations to achieve more efficient production.

Increase Pre-freeze Cooling Rate

The rate of pre-freeze cooling in the freeze-drying process is a critical factor influencing its effectiveness. The freezing process is characterized by two parameters: degree of supercooling and ice crystallization rate. The higher the degree of supercooling, the smaller the ice crystal size, leading to increased sublimation resistance. Therefore, we recommend adopting a rapid freezing rate to minimize ice crystal size, thus reducing sublimation resistance. Additionally, a fast ice crystal growth rate helps minimize the time the product stays in a frozen concentrated state, reducing the risk of loss of activity.

Freeze-Drying Formulation Design

When designing freeze-drying formulations, several factors need to be considered, including cryoprotectants, heat-stable additives, active protectants, and buffers. Ensure that each component in the formulation plays a role during the freeze-drying process, providing mechanical strength, heat stability, and pH stability. Focus on parameters such as eutectic points, collapse temperature, and glass transition temperature of the sample, conducting preliminary research analysis through freeze-drying microscopy or DSC.

Optimize Reconstitution Rate

Various factors, including freeze-drying formulations and freeze-drying process, complicate the factors influencing the reconstitution rate of freeze-dried powder. Solid content, local collapse, and the specific surface area of the freeze-dried cake are important influencing factors. The use of eutectic substances can increase the specific surface area, thereby improving the reconstitution efficiency to some extent. Considering these factors and developing a reasonable freeze-drying process can help improve the reconstitution rate of the product.

Annealing for Increased Uniformity

Introducing an annealing step during the freeze-drying process can enhance the uniformity of the product before sublimation drying. While annealing is not always necessary under normal circumstances, it can be considered when uniformity issues arise. Annealing involves raising the temperature of the frozen sample to below the eutectic temperature, holding it for a period, and then lowering the temperature back to the freezing temperature.

Study of Residual Moisture

Studying the moisture content of freeze-dried products is a crucial step in ensuring the final product's quality. Traditional methods for residual moisture detection include Karl Fischer (KF) titration and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). These methods can measure the total moisture content in freeze-dried products. After freeze-drying, residual moisture may exist in various forms, so it is necessary to consider different detection methods to comprehensively understand the moisture status of the product.

By focusing on these factors and optimizing freeze-drying processes, efficiency in bioproduct production is elevated, ensuring enhanced product quality and stability. The continuous refinement of freeze-drying technology at SBS Genetech brings innovation and progress to the forefront of the biotech field. Partner with SBS Genetech for premium freeze-dried products and comprehensive end-to-end solutions, propelling your biomanufacturing endeavors to new heights of excellence.